Top 5 Study Tips for the GRE, Part IV

Are you preparing to take the GRE? This is the fourth of a series of five posts by Manhattan GREs Jennifer Dziura on study tips for the exam. Tip #4: Stop Using Your Calculator From right now until you achieve your GRE goal score, I want you to make a vow. No calculators. Not at work, not at school, not in a restaurant when youre figuring out the tip. Abjure your calculator entirely. (And dont let Excel do your work for you either). (If you simply must use a calculator at work, or while doing your taxes, then do the calculation on your own first, and then use the calculator to check your work). Habitual calculator users often lose the logic of their calculations. By logic, I mean that, obviously, 235% of a number should be a little more than twice as big as the number, right? (Watch a bunch of calculator users robotically multiply a number by either .235 or 235, and then give absolutely absurd answers of course, the correct procedure is to multiply by 2.35). Since calculators are not permitted on the GRE, many calculations are created by the test writers to be quite neat and convenient. For instance, if 44% of 100 is 44, then 44% of 200 is 88. (Since 200 is twice 100, 44% of 200 is twice 44% of 100). Not that hard, right? Along with cultivating a vocabulary obsession for the duration of your GRE studies, also cultivate a mental calculation obsession. Anytime someone mentions a number, practice doubling it and cutting it in half. (To divide by 4, just cut in half and cut in half again!) The speed limits 55? Oh, so half the speed limit is 27.5 and twice the speed limit is 110. Triple the speed limit is 165 (I did that in my head by tripling 50 and then tripling 5 and then adding 150 plus 15). Reducing the speed limit by 10% would mean subtracting 5.5, thus yielding a speed limit of 49.5. (Actually, maybe you should only try this when youre the passenger safety first!) Jennifer Dziura has twice scored a perfect 1600 on the GRE. She teaches for Manhattan GRE in New York City and pens the Manhattan GRE Vocabulary Blog at www.manhattangre.com/blog. Accepted.com ~ Helping You Write Your Best

Biography of Daniel Ellsberg

Daniel Ellsberg is a former analyst for the U.S. military and Vietnam War opponent. His name became synonymous with the importance of the press freedoms granted by the First Amendment to the U.S. Constitution after he leaked a secret report on the Vietnam War  known as the Pentagon Papers  to journalists. Ellsbergs work as a whistleblower helped exposed the failure of the governments war strategies in The New York Times, The Washington Post and more than a dozen other newspapers, and has been dramatized by Hollywood in movies such as The Post, The Pentagon Papers and The Most Dangerous Man in America. Legacy and Impact Ellsbergs leak of the Pentagon Papers helped to solidify the publics opposition to the Vietnam War and turn members of Congress against the conflict. The publication of the documents by The New York Times, The Washington Post and other newspapers helped bring about the most important legal decision in defense of press freedom in American history. When President Richard M. Nixons administration sought to prevent The Times from reporting on the Pentagon Papers, the newspaper fought back. The U.S. Supreme Court later determined that the newspapers were acting in the public interest and restricted the governments use of prior restraint to censor stories before publication. Wrote Supreme Courts majority: â€Å"Only a free and unrestrained press can effectively expose deception in government. ...  In revealing the workings of government that led to the Vietnam War, the newspapers nobly did that which the Founders hoped and trusted they would do. Ruling on the governors claim that publication would threaten national security, the court stated: â€Å"The word ‘security’ is a broad, vague generality whose contours should not be invoked to abrogate the fundamental law embodied in the First Amendment.† Journalist and Author Ellsberg is the author of three books, including a 2002 memoir of his work to expose the Pentagon Papers called Secrets: A Memoir of Vietnam and the Pentagon Papers. He has also written about Americas nuclear program in a 2017 book, The Doomsday Machine: Confessions of a Nuclear War Planner,  and published essays about the Vietnam War in the 1971 book Papers on the War. Portrayal in Pop Culture Numerous books and movies have been written and produced about Ellsbergs role in leaking the Pentagon Papers to the press and the legal battle over their publication. Ellsberg was played by Matthew Rhys in the 2017 movie The Post.  The film also featured Meryl Streep as Katherine Graham, the publisher of The Washington Post, and Tom Hanks as newspaper editor Ben Bradlee. Ellsberg was played by James Spader in the 2003 movie The Pentagon Papers. He also appeared in a 2009 documentary, The Most Dangerous Man in America: Daniel Ellsberg and the Pentagon Papers. The Pentagon Papers has also been the subject of numerous books, including New York Times reporter Neil Sheehans The Pentagon Papers: The Secret History of the Vietnam War, published in 2017; and Grahams  The Pentagon Papers: Making History at the Washington Post. Studied Economics at Harvard Ellsberg earned a bachelors degree in economics from Harvard University in 1952 and a Ph.D. in economics from Harvard in 1962. He also studied in the King’s College at  Cambridge University. Career Timeline Ellsberg served in the Marine Corps before working for the RAND Corp., a research and analysis nonprofit based in Arlington, Virginia, and the U.S. Department of Defense, where he helped with the production of a report on how top U.S. officials made decisions on the countrys involvement in the Vietnam Way between 1945 and 1968. The 7,000 page report, which became known as the Pentagon Papers, revealed, among other things, that the administration of President Lyndon Johnson had systematically lied, not only to the public but also to Congress, about a subject of transcendent national interest and significance. Heres a timeline of  Ellbergs military and professional career. 1954 to 1957: Ellsberg serves as a  rifle platoon leader, operations officer, and rifle company commander in the U.S. Marine Corps.1957 to 1959: Ellsberg continues his studies as a junior fellow in the Harvard University Society of Fellows, an elite program designed to allow promising young students a chance to pursue their scholarships.1959: Ellsberg takes a position as a strategic analyst at RAND Corp. He would later write that he accepted the position under the delusion ... that a missile gap favoring the Soviets made the problem of deterring a Soviet surprise attack the overriding challenge to U.S. and world security. He worked as a consultant  to the Commander-in-Chief Pacific, or CINCPAC.1961 to 1964: As a RAND Corp. employee, Ellsberg worked as a consultant to the departments of Defense and State and to the White House. He specialized in nuclear weapons, nuclear war plans, and crisis decision-making.1964: Ellsberg joins the Department of Defense and works for  John T. Mc Naughton, the assistant secretary of Defense for international security affairs. In this role Ellsberg is asked to study decision-making on the Vietnam War.1964 and 1965:  Secretary of Defense Robert McNamara ordered  McNaughton and Ellsberg to work on secret plans to escalate the Vietnam War.  The plans were carried out in the spring of 1965.1965 to 1967: Ellsberg transfers to the Department of State and serves in Vietnam. He is based at the  embassy in Saigon. He contracted hepatitis and left Vietnam in June 1967.1967: Ellsberg returns to work for RAND Corp. and begins work on U.S. Decision-Making in Vietnam, 1945-68, the  document that would later become known as the Pentagon Papers.1968 and 1969: Ellsberg serves as a consultant to  Henry Kissinger, the national security assistant to President-elect Richard Nixon. He helps draft Nixons  presentation to the National Security Council on the Vietnam War.1969: Ellsberg, frustrated by what he described as a continuous re cord of governmental deception and fatally unwise decision-making, cloaked by secrecy, under four presidents, learns that Nixon is preparing to escalate the nations involved in the Vietnam War. Wrote Ellsberg years later: The history in the Pentagon Papers offered no promise of changing this pattern from within the bureaucracy. Only a better informed Congress and public might act to avert indefinite prolongation and further escalation of the war. He begins to make photocopies of the secret 7,000 page study.1971: Ellsberg leaks most of the report to The New York Times because Congress declined to set hearings on the study. When the attorney general and president moved to block the newspapers publication of further reports on the Pentagon Papers, Ellsburg leaks copies to The Washington Post and 19 other newspapers. The Supreme Court later voided the injunction. But later that year, Ellsberg was indicted on 12 criminal charges related to his leak of the top-secret document. The charges included conspiracy, theft of  government property, and violation of espionage statutes.1973: The judge in Ellsbergs trial dismissed all the charges against Ellsberg, citing  improper government conduct shielded so long from public view.  The judge declared a mistrial, stating that the governments action in this case offended a sense of justice.1975:  The Vietnam War ends. Ellsberg begins a career as a lecturer, writer, and activist on what he describes as the dangers of the nuclear era, wrongful U.S. interventions and the urgent need for patriotic whistleblowing. Personal Life Ellsberg was born in Chicago, Illinois, in 1931 and was raised in Detroit, Michigan. He is married and lives in Kensington, California. He and his wife have three grown children. Important Quotes â€Å"Then it was as though an ax had split my head, and my heart broke open. But what had really happened was that my life had split in two.† —  Ellsberg on hearing a speech by a Vietnam War resister who was about to be jailed and his decision to leak the top-secret Pentagon Papers.Thats a heavy burden to bear. I share it with a thousand others who had that kind of access.  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ellsberg on his belief that had he leaked the information sooner, Congress would not have supported an expansion of the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.Had I or one of the scores of other officials who had the same high-level information acted then on our oath of office — which was not an oath to obey the president, nor to keep the secret that he was violating his own sworn obligations, but solely an oath to support and defend the constitution of the United States — that terrible war might well have been averted altogether. But to hope to have that effect, we would hav e needed to disclose the documents when they were current, before the escalation — not five or seven, or even two, years after the fateful commitments had been made.  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ellsberg  on his belief that had he leaked the information sooner, Congress would not have supported an expansion of the U.S. involvement in the Vietnam War.Without young men going to prison for nonviolent protests against the draft, men that I met on their way to prison, no Pentagon Papers. It wouldnt have occurred to me simply to do something that would put myself in prison for the rest of my life, as I assumed that would do.  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ellsberg on his decision to risk going to prison for leaking the Pentagon Papers.A lesson to be drawn from reading the Pentagon Papers, knowing all that followed or has come out in the years since, is this. To those in the Pentagon, state department, the White House, CIA (and their counterparts in Britain and other Nato countries) who have similar access to mine t hen and foreknowledge of disastrous escalations in our wars in the Middle East, I would say: Dont make my mistake. Dont do what I did. Dont wait until a new war has started in Iran, until more bombs have fallen in Afghanistan, in Pakistan, Libya,  Iraq, or Yemen. Dont wait until thousands more have died, before you go to the press and to Congress to tell the truth  with documents  that reveal lies or crimes or internal projections of costs and dangers. Dont wait 40 years for it to be declassified, or seven years as I did for you or someone else to leak it.  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ellsberg on the importance of whistleblowers to democracy.The personal risks are great. But a wars worth of lives might be saved.  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Ellsberg on the important of transparency in government.I am a patriot, and that has never changed. — Ellsberg responding to a question from National Public Radio about his patriotism and belief in the strength of the United States. References and Recommended Reading Biography  Ã¢â‚¬â€Ã‚  Daniel Ellsberg: Scholar, Anti-War Activist, Government Official, JournalistNational Public Radio  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Daniel Ellsberg Explains Why He Leaked The Pentagon PapersEllsberg.net  Ã¢â‚¬â€ Bio of Daniel Ellsberg  | Extended Bio of Daniel Ellsberg

Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) - 2731 Words

As far back as time goes or at least written record men have gone to war. With a war comes physiological and psychological scars. Physical wounds may heal quickly and be forgotten, but psychological wounds may last a lifetime. In the past society did not understand the effects of war and mental illness nor how to treat it. In this paper, I will discuss the history of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), explain the diagnostic description, and describe etiology and treatment for PTSD. History of Post-traumatic Stress Disorder and War Although not recognized as post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), symptoms of this disorder have been noted throughout the centuries. Not only has it been known by several names, but has also repeatedly been misunderstood. Early reports of PTSD date as far back as the Greek historian, Herodotus, who writes about the battle of Marathon. In 490 B.C. Reportedly, soldiers who fought in this battle, became listless, taciturn, and ceased to pay attention to the world around them. Shakespeare also describes PTSD in Henry IV Part Two. He writes of Harry experiencing iron wars, nightmares, and melancholy. Swiss physicians refer to the symptoms of PTSD as nostalgia while the French and Germans call it homesickness. In the United States, Doctor Jacob Mendez DaCosta studied the civil war veterans. He noted that many had heart conditions and anxiety. He called this Soldiers Heart, but it is also known as DaCosta Syndrome. Many of the symptomsShow MoreRelatedPost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Pt sd )990 Words   |  4 PagesPost-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a common anxiety disorder characterized by chronic physical arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts and images of the traumatic event, and avoidance of things that can call the traumatic event into mind (Schacter, Gilbert, Wegner, Nock, 2014). About 7 percent of Americans suffer from PTSD. Family members of victims can also develop PTSD and it can occur in people of any age. The diagnosis for PTSD requires one or more symptoms to beRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1471 Words   |  6 PagesRunning head: POST-TRAUMATIC STRESS DISORDER 1 Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Student’s Name Course Title School Name April 12, 2017  Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental disorder that many people are facing every day, and it appears to become more prevalent. This disorder is mainly caused by going through or experiencing a traumatic event, and its risk of may be increased by issuesRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1401 Words   |  6 PagesAccording to the Mayo-Clinic Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, commonly known as PTSD is defined as â€Å"Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a mental health condition that s triggered by a terrifying event — either experiencing it or witnessing it. Symptoms may include flashbacks, nightmares and severe anxiety, as well as uncontrollable thoughts about the event† (Mayo Clinic Staff, 2014). Post Traumatic Stress disorder can prevent one from living a normal, healthy life. In 2014, Chris Kyle playedRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1198 Words   |  5 Pages Post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) is a mental illness that is triggered by witnessing or experiencing a traumatic event. â€Å"PTSD was first brought to public attention in relation to war veterans, but it can result from a variety of traumatic incidents, such as mugging, rape, torture, being kidnapped or held captive, child abuse, car accidents, train wrecks, plane crashes, bombings, or natural disasters such as floods or earthquakes(NIMH,2015).† PTSD is recognized as a psychobiological mentalRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1423 Words   |  6 Pages Mental diseases and disorders have been around since humans have been inhabiting earth. The field of science tasked with diagnosing and treating these disorders is something that is always evolving. 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We can express our appreciation to our veterans by creating more support programs, help them go back to what they enjoy the most, and let them know we view them as a human not a disgrace. According to the National Care of PTSD, a government created program, published an article and provides the basic definition and common symptoms of PTSD. Post-traumaticRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd ) Essay1453 Words   |  6 Pages84.8% of those diagnosed Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder still show moderate impairment of symptoms, even 30 plus years after the war (Glover 2014). As of today, the Unites States has 2.8 million veterans who served in the Afghanistan and Iraq wars, of those it is estimated that 11 to 20% currently suffer from Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder. As of 2013, a total of 12,632 veterans of the Afghanistan and Iraq wars are currently diagnosed with Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (Glover 2014). Of course itRead MorePost Traumatic Stress Disorder ( Ptsd )1780 Words   |  8 Pagesmental illnesses. One such illness is post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Post-traumatic stress disorder is a mental illness that affects a person’s sympathetic nervous system response. A more common name for this response is the fight or flight response. In a person not affected by post-traumatic stress disorder this response activates only in times of great stress or life threatening situations. â€Å"If the fight or flight is successful, the traumatic stress will usually be released or dissipated

Business Information System Data Mining

Question: Discuss about theBusiness Information Systemfor Data Mining. Answer: Data Mining: Data mining is defined as the process of analyzing data from several perspectives as well as summarizing it into making successful information that can be utilized in order to increase revenue and minimize the costs (Witten et al. 016). In other words, data mining is the procedure of sorting data through data sets in order to identify the patterns and develop relations for solving the issues through data analysis. The tools of data mining enterprises make prediction of future trends. Applications of Data Mining: Larose (014) stated that data mining is generally used today by the organization having a strong focus to the customers of retail, communication as well as marketing in order to drill down into transactional data as well as determine pricing along with preferences of customers. Future healthcare: One of the applications of data mining is its uses in future health care. It holds great potential for enhancing the health system. It utilizes data as well as analytics to detect best approaches that enhance care and minimize costs (Wu et al. 014). The approaches of data mining such as multi-dimensional databases and machine learning as well as soft computing are used by the researchers. Manufacturing engineering: Rokach and Maimon (014) commented that knowledge is one of the best assets of a manufacturing organization. Data mining tools are very useful for discovering the patterns in the complex procedure of manufacturing. In addition, data mining is the process of system-level designing in order to extract relationships between architecture of product in order to predict development of the product, cost and span time as well as dependencies among the tasks. Customer relationship management: It deals with acquiring as well as retaining of the customers along with improving loyalty of the customers. Data mining technologies are helpful to collect data that can be used for analysis. Moreover, it is important to maintain appropriate relationship with the customers in business (Braha 013). It is required to gather data and analyze the information. The data mining technologies are useful to retain customer and provide filtered solution. Major Elements of Data Mining: Freitas (013) stated that there are five major elements of data mining those have important roles in using the data mining technologies. Extract, transform as well as load transaction of the system of data warehouse. Storing as well as managing of data in multi-dimensional system is one of the most important components of data mining. In addition, providing data access to the analytics of business as well as professionals of information technology and analyzing the data by the application of software is considered as vital elements of data mining system. Presenting of data in useful format like graph and chart is one of the major elements of data mining. Examples of Each Element: The elements of data mining are used in applying the statistics as well as data mining against the whole database. The business users are generally depended on administrators and developers in order to apply analytical function against specific set of data. On the other hand, plug-and-play architecture for the functions of custom analysis is used by several organizations that have specific calculations required as unique as well as proprietary character of the business model is involved in it. In addition, seamless integration with the data mining tools has main purpose to discover the patterns as well as embed them in BI report and analysis (Lin et al. 013). Collaboration technology is used as statistical analysis as well as data mining tool that needs to operate collaboratively with engines of calculation embedded in relational database management system. Multi-pass SQL has several normal business questions that any user of business likes to constrain through the limits of tool tha t cannot be answered by single-pass SQL. Issues with Data Mining: There are several advantages of using data mining technology in various sector of business. However, some limitations of data mining need to be minimized in the usage. The issues can be described as followed. Braha (013) asserted that several types of mining as well as new kinds of knowledge, knowledge of mining in multi-dimensional space and data mining in interdisciplinary effort. In addition, efficiency as well as scalability in data mining algorithm is one of the major issues of data mining. Presentation and visualization of the data mining results several issues while using the technology. Handling of relational as well as complex types of data and handling noise as well as incompleteness of data are major issues related with data mining. Moreover, interactive mining of knowledge in different way is one of the issues faced while implementing data mining technology. Data mining query languages as well as ad hoc data mining, high level query language of data mining is a major issue of data mining. Hence, it is required to take proper actions in order to overcome the issues faced for using data mining. In the specified website, 816 accounts related jobs are available. Name of the qualification Greatest number of jobs 1. Trades Service 14,90 . Information Communication Technology 14,099 3. Healthcare Medical 11,767 4. Manufacturing, Transport Logistics 9,958 5. Sales 8,488 6. Accounting 8,16 7. Administration Office Support 7,546 8. Construction 7,478 9. Hospitality Tourism 7,355 10. Retail Consumer Products 5,93 From the above table, it is observed that the number of jobs is 14,90 in Trades Service, which is greatest than others. In Information Communication Technology has second highest number of jobs that is 14,099 (Seek.com.au 017). Health Medical includes 9,958 numbers of jobs. On the other hand, Sales section includes 8,488 jobs, Accounting has 8,16 jobs, Administration Office Support has 7,546 jobs, Construction has 7,478 jobs, Hospitality Tourism has 7,355 jobs listed and Retail Consumer Products has 5,93 number of jobs recorded in the site. Pay Categories Number of jobs $30k-$40k 7031 jobs $40k-$50k 5,77 jobs $50k-$60k 39,090 jobs $60k-$70k 34,333 jobs References Braha, D. (Ed.). (013).Data mining for design and manufacturing: methods and applications(Vol. 3). Springer Science and Business Media. Freitas, A. A. (013).Data mining and knowledge discovery with evolutionary algorithms. Springer Science and Business Media. Larose, D. T. (014).Discovering knowledge in data: an introduction to data mining. John Wiley and Sons. Lin, T. Y., Yao, Y. Y., and Zadeh, L. A. (Eds.). (013).Data mining, rough sets and granular computing(Vol. 95). Physica. Rokach, L., and Maimon, O. (014).Data mining with decision trees: theory and applications. World scientific. Seek.com.au. (017).SEEK - Australia's no. 1 jobs, employment, career and recruitment site. Available at: https://www.seek.com.au/ [Accessed 10 Apr. 017]. Witten, I. H., Frank, E., Hall, M. A., and Pal, C. J. (016).Data Mining: Practical machine learning tools and techniques. Morgan Kaufmann. Wu, X., Zhu, X., Wu, G. Q., and Ding, W. (014). Data mining with big data.ieee transactions on knowledge and data engineering,6(1), 97-107.